124 lines
7.1 KiB
Markdown
Executable File
124 lines
7.1 KiB
Markdown
Executable File
# Backend setup
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SkyWalking's backend distribution package consists of the following parts:
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1. **bin/cmd scripts**: Located in the `/bin` folder. Includes startup linux shell and Windows cmd scripts for the backend
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server and UI startup.
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2. **Backend config**: Located in the `/config` folder. Includes settings files of the backend, which are:
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* `application.yml`
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* `log4j.xml`
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* `alarm-settings.yml`
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3. **Libraries of backend**: Located in the `/oap-libs` folder. All dependencies of the backend can be found in it.
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4. **Webapp env**: Located in the `webapp` folder. UI frontend jar file can be found here, together with its `webapp.yml` setting file.
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## Requirements and default settings
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Requirement: **JDK8 to JDK12 are tested**. Other versions are not tested and may or may not work.
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Before you start, you should know that the main purpose of quickstart is to help you obtain a basic configuration for previews/demo. Performance and long-term running are not our goals.
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For production/QA/tests environments, see [Backend and UI deployment documents](#deploy-backend-and-ui).
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You can use `bin/startup.sh` (or cmd) to start up the backend and UI with their default settings, set out as follows:
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- Backend storage uses **H2 by default** (for an easier start)
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- Backend listens on `0.0.0.0/11800` for gRPC APIs and `0.0.0.0/12800` for HTTP REST APIs.
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In Java, DotNetCore, Node.js, and Istio agents/probes, you should set the gRPC service address to `ip/host:11800`, and ip/host should be where your backend is.
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- UI listens on `8080` port and request `127.0.0.1/12800` to run a GraphQL query.
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### Interaction
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Before deploying Skywalking in your distributed environment, you should learn about how agents/probes, the backend, and the UI communicate with each other:
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<img src="https://skywalking.apache.org/doc-graph/communication-net.png"/>
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- All native agents and probes, either language based or mesh probe, use the gRPC service (`core/default/gRPC*` in `application.yml`) to report data to the backend. Also, the Jetty service is supported in JSON format.
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- UI uses GraphQL (HTTP) query to access the backend also in Jetty service (`core/default/rest*` in `application.yml`).
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## Startup script
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The default startup scripts are `/bin/oapService.sh`(.bat).
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Read the [start up mode](backend-start-up-mode.md) document to learn about other ways to start up the backend.
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## application.yml
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SkyWalking backend startup behaviours are driven by `config/application.yml`.
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Understanding the setting file will help you read this document.
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The core concept behind this setting file is that the SkyWalking collector is based on pure modular design.
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End users can switch or assemble the collector features according to their own requirements.
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In `application.yml`, there are three levels.
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1. **Level 1**: Module name. This means that this module is active in running mode.
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1. **Level 2**: Provider option list and provider selector. Available providers are listed here with a selector to indicate which one will actually take effect. If there is only one provider listed, the `selector` is optional and can be omitted.
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1. **Level 3**. Settings of the provider.
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Example:
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```yaml
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storage:
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selector: mysql # the mysql storage will actually be activated, while the h2 storage takes no effect
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h2:
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driver: ${SW_STORAGE_H2_DRIVER:org.h2.jdbcx.JdbcDataSource}
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url: ${SW_STORAGE_H2_URL:jdbc:h2:mem:skywalking-oap-db}
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user: ${SW_STORAGE_H2_USER:sa}
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metadataQueryMaxSize: ${SW_STORAGE_H2_QUERY_MAX_SIZE:5000}
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mysql:
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properties:
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jdbcUrl: ${SW_JDBC_URL:"jdbc:mysql://localhost:3306/swtest"}
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dataSource.user: ${SW_DATA_SOURCE_USER:root}
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dataSource.password: ${SW_DATA_SOURCE_PASSWORD:root@1234}
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dataSource.cachePrepStmts: ${SW_DATA_SOURCE_CACHE_PREP_STMTS:true}
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dataSource.prepStmtCacheSize: ${SW_DATA_SOURCE_PREP_STMT_CACHE_SQL_SIZE:250}
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dataSource.prepStmtCacheSqlLimit: ${SW_DATA_SOURCE_PREP_STMT_CACHE_SQL_LIMIT:2048}
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dataSource.useServerPrepStmts: ${SW_DATA_SOURCE_USE_SERVER_PREP_STMTS:true}
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metadataQueryMaxSize: ${SW_STORAGE_MYSQL_QUERY_MAX_SIZE:5000}
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# other configurations
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```
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1. **`storage`** is the module.
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1. **`selector`** selects one out of all providers listed below. The unselected ones take no effect as if they were deleted.
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1. **`default`** is the default implementor of the core module.
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1. `driver`, `url`, ... `metadataQueryMaxSize` are all setting items of the implementor.
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At the same time, there are two types of modules: required and optional. The required modules provide the skeleton of the backend.
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Even though their modular design supports pluggability, removing those modules does not serve any purpose. For optional modules, some of them have
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a provider implementation called `none`, meaning that it only provides a shell with no actual logic, typically such as telemetry.
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Setting `-` to the `selector` means that this whole module will be excluded at runtime.
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We advise against trying to change the APIs of those modules, unless you understand the SkyWalking project and its codes very well.
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The required modules are listed here:
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1. **Core**. Provides the basic and major skeleton of all data analysis and stream dispatch.
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1. **Cluster**. Manages multiple backend instances in a cluster, which could provide high throughput process
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capabilities. See [**Cluster Management**](backend-cluster.md) for more details.
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1. **Storage**. Makes the analysis result persistent. See [**Choose storage**](backend-storage.md) for more details
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1. **Query**. Provides query interfaces to UI.
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1. **Receiver** and **Fetcher**. Expose the service to the agents and probes, or read telemetry data from a channel.
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See [Receiver](backend-receivers.md) and [Fetcher](backend-fetcher.md) documents for more details.
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## FAQs
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#### Why do we need to set the timezone? And when do we do it?
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SkyWalking provides downsampling time series metrics features.
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Query and store at each time dimension (minute, hour, day, month metrics indexes)
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related to timezone when time formatting.
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For example, metrics time will be formatted like YYYYMMDDHHmm in minute dimension metrics,
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which is timezone related.
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By default, SkyWalking's OAP backend chooses the OS default timezone.
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If you want to override it, please follow the Java and OS documents.
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#### How to query the storage directly from a 3rd party tool?
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SkyWalking provides different options based on browser UI, CLI and GraphQL to support extensions. But some users may want to query data
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directly from the storage. For example, in the case of ElasticSearch, Kibana is a great tool for doing this.
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By default, in order to reduce memory, network and storage space usages, SkyWalking saves based64-encoded ID(s) only in metrics entities.
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But these tools usually don't support nested query, and are not convenient to work with. For these exceptional reasons,
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SkyWalking provides a config to add all necessary name column(s) into the final metrics entities with ID as a trade-off.
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Take a look at `core/default/activeExtraModelColumns` config in the `application.yaml`, and set it as `true` to enable this feature.
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Note that this feature is simply for 3rd party integration and doesn't provide any new features to native SkyWalking use cases.
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